Epworth Sleepiness Scale

The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) uses your daytime sleepiness to screen for sleep apnea. Daytime sleepiness is one of the most common signs of sleep apnea, and the ESS makes it easy to measure. Just fill in how likely you will fall asleep during any listed activities on a scale from 0, no chance of nodding off, to 3, a high chance of nodding off.

The total of your scores is a measure of your daytime sleepiness.

The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) uses your daytime sleepiness to screen for sleep apnea. Daytime sleepiness is one of the most common signs of sleep apnea, and the ESS makes it easy to measure. Just fill in how likely you will fall asleep during any listed activities on a scale from 0, no chance of nodding off, to 3, a high chance of nodding off.

The total of your scores is a measure of your daytime sleepiness.

What Is Normal Daytime Sleepiness?

Multiple studies have shown that, for people without evidence of sleep disorders, the average ESS score is about 5. However, the scores for people without evidence of sleep disorders range from 0-10. Therefore, scores of 11 and higher are considered a measurement of excessive daytime sleepiness and a reason to get tested for sleep apnea.

Who Should Take the ESS?

Because most people with sleep apnea (perhaps 80% or more) are undiagnosed, it’s important for people in risky populations to take advantage of the ease and convenience of the ESS to see if they might benefit from a sleep test.

This means that people should take the ESS if they notice sleepiness or are:

  • A man
  • A snorer
  • Overweight, especially with a neck circumference of 16 inches or more
  • A postmenopausal woman
  • Experiencing changes in mood, memory, or motivation
  • Suffering from morning headaches
  • Diagnosed with high blood pressure
  • Told that you stop breathing at night

Because the test is quick and easy, you should consider taking it annually (perhaps around your birthday) to ensure your risk has not increased.

Interior of Detroit TMJ and sleep therapy office with advanced diagnostic equipment and a welcoming patient environment.
Patient undergoing computerized TMJ evaluation with jaw-tracking sensors and diagnostic equipment.
Entrance to Michigan Center for TMJ & Sleep Wellness, welcoming patients to the Detroit-area clinic.
Dr. Haddad reviewing computerized TMJ diagnostic data to guide personalized treatment planning.
Michigan Center for TMJ & Sleep Wellness reception area, designed to provide a comfortable and welcoming patient experience.

A Screening Tool Not a Diagnostic Test

It’s important to understand that ESS is not a diagnostic test. A high score on the ESS doesn’t show that you have sleep apnea. Instead, it shows that you are at a high risk for sleep apnea and should get tested.

The only way to test for sleep apnea is a sleep test. At the Michigan Center for TMJ & Sleep Wellness, we can help you arrange a sleep test. Often, you can take the test in the comfort of your own bed.

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Patient Education Articles

Patient Education Articles

Explore our Patient Education articles to learn more about sleep apnea symptoms, screening tools, and the diagnostic process. Understanding your risk factors is an important first step toward identifying sleep apnea and finding the right treatment.

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